The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the “Opinions on Developing New‑Type Productive Forces.”

2026-10-09 Source: Xinhua News Agency

BEIJING, Oct. 9 (Xinhua) — The CPC Central Committee and the State Council have issued the “Opinions on Developing New‑Type Productive Forces” (hereinafter referred to as the “Opinions”).

The Opinions adhere to Xi Jinping Thought on Socialism with Chinese Characteristics for a New Era as their guiding principle, thoroughly implement the spirit of the 20th National Congress of the Communist Party of China and the successive plenary sessions of the 20th Central Committee, earnestly carry out the arrangements made at the Fourth Plenary Session, and fully, accurately, and comprehensively apply the new development philosophy. They uphold innovation as the driving force, reform as the key,因地制宜 (tailoring measures to local conditions), and the principle of establishing new frameworks before dismantling old ones; they emphasize high technology, high efficiency, and high quality; and they coordinate the relationships among government and market, quality and business models, reform and development, and self-reliance and openness. By balancing development and security, and taking scientific and technological innovation as the leading force—with a substantial increase in total factor productivity as the central benchmark—the Opinions seek to catalyze revolutionary breakthroughs in technology, innovative reallocation of production factors, and profound transformation and upgrading of industries. They aim to optimize and upgrade the combination of labor, means of production, and objects of labor, while advancing, in all dimensions, innovation in science and technology, industrial development, modes of growth, institutional mechanisms, and talent‑management systems. In doing so, they accelerate the establishment of production relations that are better aligned with the new‑type productive forces, foster a favorable development ecosystem that promotes the deep integration of scientific and technological innovation with industrial innovation, and provide stronger support for high‑quality development.

The “Opinions” center on five areas of innovation and set forth 19 key measures. First, vigorously advance scientific and technological innovation by strengthening original, disruptive breakthroughs, accelerating progress in critical core technologies, coordinating the development of national strategic science and technology forces, reinforcing the primary role of enterprises in technological innovation, and speeding up the translation of scientific and technological achievements into real productive forces. Second, promote the deep integration of technological and industrial innovation by upgrading traditional industries, fostering and expanding emerging industries, proactively planning for future‑oriented sectors, and driving the seamless convergence of the real economy and the digital economy, while comprehensively implementing the “AI Plus” initiative. Third, focus on advancing innovation in development models by establishing a green, low‑carbon, circular economic system, optimizing the policy toolkit for green development, and actively promoting an energy revolution. Fourth, solidly advance institutional and mechanism innovation by deepening reforms that closely integrate science, technology, and the economy, improving market regulation frameworks, expanding the supply of innovative financial products, and globally allocating advanced production factors. Fifth, deepen innovation in talent‑management mechanisms by cultivating the urgently needed talent for the development of new‑type productivity and refining policies governing talent deployment and mobility.

The Opinions require that all regions and relevant departments, under the centralized and unified leadership of the CPC Central Committee, strengthen the mindset of national unity, adhere to a tailored approach suited to local conditions, enhance categorized guidance and coordinated planning in key areas, and optimize the layout of major productive forces. They must uphold the principle of establishing new frameworks before dismantling old ones and seek progress while maintaining stability; they must avoid shifting from the real economy to the virtual sector, pursuing overly ambitious goals at all costs, or engaging in speculative bubbles; they must prevent industrial hollowing‑out or disruptions in industrial chains; and they must refrain from blindly chasing novelty at the expense of other priorities. Leading cadres at all levels are expected to foster and practice a correct view of performance, explore development pathways grounded in reality, and strictly prohibit the misuse of policies under the guise of developing new‑type productive forces. Those responsible for widespread, hasty initiatives or reckless investments that result in significant losses will be held strictly accountable. Furthermore, inter‑departmental coordination and collaboration must be strengthened to create synergies in implementation.

Editor-in-charge: Yang Peicheng